Maine is the most northeasterly state in the US, known for its jagged, rocky coastline. In 1604 the French settled Île Sainte-Croix (Saint Croix island) about 4 mi (6 km) from the mouth of the Saint Croix river that forms part of the border separating the state from New Brunswick, Canada. But more than 1/2 of the colonists died during the winter, and Samuel de Champlain moved the settlement to Port-Royal on the Bay of Fundy, which became the 1st European settlement in Canada. The 1st English settlement was farther south, near the the Kennebec river, in 1607, close to the modern town of Phippsburg, but it was abandoned a year later, although only 1 colonist (the expedition's leader) had died. By 1700 only 1 1/2 dozen European settlements survived, although a number of English colonies had been attempted. After the British defeated the French in Acadia in the 1740s, the territory from the Penobscot river eastwards fell under the nominal authority of the Province of Nova Scotia and, together with modern New Brunswick, formed the county of Sunbury. Pro-British forces contended against pro-American forces in the area during the American Revolution and the War of 1812. At the end of the latter war it was occupied by British, who returned it to the US as part of a peace treaty that was to include dedicated land on the Michigan peninsula for Native American peoples. Maine was part of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts until 1820, when it voted to become a separate state. However, the border between the US and British North America was not formalized until 1842.
Maine is the most northeasterly state in the US, known for its jagged, rocky coastline. In 1604 the French settled Île Sainte-Croix (Saint Croix island) about 4 mi (6 km) from the mouth of the Saint Croix river that forms part of the border separating the state from New Brunswick, Canada. But more than 1/2 of the colonists died during the winter, and Samuel de Champlain moved the settlement to Port-Royal on the Bay of Fundy, which became the 1st European settlement in Canada. The 1st English settlement was farther south, near the the Kennebec river, in 1607, close to the modern town of Phippsburg, but it was abandoned a year later, although only 1 colonist (the expedition's leader) had died. By 1700 only 1 1/2 dozen European settlements survived, although a number of English colonies had been attempted. After the British defeated the French in Acadia in the 1740s, the territory from the Penobscot river eastwards fell under the nominal authority of the Province of Nova Scotia and, together with modern New Brunswick, formed the county of Sunbury. Pro-British forces contended against pro-American forces in the area during the American Revolution and the War of 1812. At the end of the latter war it was occupied by British, who returned it to the US as part of a peace treaty that was to include dedicated land on the Michigan peninsula for Native American peoples. Maine was part of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts until 1820, when it voted to become a separate state. However, the border between the US and British North America was not formalized until 1842.
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