tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3407624264627208128.post6483635237934097016..comments2024-01-26T21:38:25.924-08:00Comments on Duane's PoeTree: Jack Scott writesDuanesPoeTreehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17053093400086634552noreply@blogger.comBlogger3125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3407624264627208128.post-91019996116410781932017-03-18T05:10:00.322-07:002017-03-18T05:10:00.322-07:00Hakuin developed a fivefold kōan classification sy...Hakuin developed a fivefold kōan classification system:<br />1. Hosshin (dharma-body kōans) such as the Mu kōan, are used to awaken one's first insight; they reveal the dharmakaya, or Fundamental, and introduce "the undifferentiated and the unconditional." Hosshin koans represent tai, substance.<br />2. Kikan (dynamic action kōans) help understand the phenomenal world as seen from the awakened point of view; they represent yu, function.<br />3. Gonsen (explication of word kōans) help one understand the sayings of the masters; they show how the dharmakaya is expressed in words though not depending on them or getting stuck to them.<br />4. Hachi Nanto (the "difficult to pass" kōans) create a new taigi by shattering the newly-attained self achieved by one's earlier understanding. <br />5. Goi jujukin koans, the five ranks which describe the stages of realization, the interplay of absolute and relative truth, and the fundamental non-dualism of Buddhist teaching. The ranks are referenced in the "Song of the Precious Mirror Samadhi" (and two sets of verse commentaries) by Dongshan Liangjie (Tōzan Ryōkan), as translated by Thomas Cleary:<br />In the third watch,<br />beginning of the night,<br />before the moon is bright,<br />do not wonder<br />at meeting without recognition;<br />still held hidden in the heart<br />is the beauty of former days.<br /><br />A woman who's overslept<br />encounters an ancient mirror;<br />clearly she sees her face -<br />there is no other reality.<br />Nevertheless, she still mistakes<br />her reflection for her head.<br /><br />Within nothingness is a road<br />out of the dust;<br />just be able to avoid violating<br />the present taboo name<br />and you will surpass<br />the eloquence of yore<br />that silenced every tongue.<br /><br />When two blades cross,<br />no need to flee;<br />an expert is like<br />a lotus in fire -<br />clearly there is a spirit<br />spontaneuosly soaring.<br /><br />If you are not trapped<br />in being or nonbeing,<br />who can dare to join you?<br />Everyone wants to leave<br />the ordinary current,<br />but in the final analysis<br />you come back<br />and sit in the ashes.DuanesPoeTreehttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17053093400086634552noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3407624264627208128.post-8196465917687186152017-03-18T05:09:14.020-07:002017-03-18T05:09:14.020-07:00A kōan is a story, dialogue, question, or stateme...A kōan is a story, dialogue, question, or statement used to test a student's progress and also to provoke what Hakuin called "taigi," the "great doubt." In the system developed by him or his followers, students are assigned kōans by their teacher and then meditate on them. The students may regard it as an object to focus their attention on during meditation, but as they become more experienced they start to realize that it is also the activity of seeking an answer; it is both an object being sought and its relentless seeking. Only with incessant investigation of a kōan will a student be able to become one with it. The self sees the self not directly but under the guise of the kōan. The psychological pressure and doubt the struggle provokes creates the necessary tension that may lead to awakening. When the students believe they have solved the puzzle they demonstrate their insight in a private interview with the teacher. If the teacher feels they have attained a satisfactory insight, another kōan is assigned. Hakuin's main role in the development of this system was the selection and creation of kōans to be used. Formerly Rinzai Zen relied on the 13th-century Chinese collection, the "Mumonkan," "The Gateless Gate," which began with "Joshu's Dog," which came from "Zhaozhou Zhenji Chanshi Yulu" (The Recorded Sayings of Zen Master Joshu): "A monk asked, 'Does a dog have a Buddha-nature or not?' The master said, 'Mu [Not]!' (Because the "Mahayana Mahaparinirvaṇa Sutra" had stated, "All beings have the Buddha-Nature," Joshu had originally continued, "The monk said, 'Above to all the Buddhas, below to the crawling bugs, all have Buddha-nature. Why is it that the dog has not?' The master said, 'Because he has the nature of karmic delusions.'" A longer version appeared in the "Hóngzhì Chánshī Guǎnglù," the Book of Serenity: "A monk asked Master Joshu, 'Does a dog have Buddha Nature?' Joshu replied, 'Yes.' And then the monk said, 'Since it has, how did it get into that bag of skin?' Joshu said, 'Because knowingly, he purposefully offends.'") In Japanese practice, only the negative response was emphasized, though Joshu had responded both negatively and affirmatively; both answers are correct and wrong, since everything is Buddha-nature but there is no particular thing called Buddha-nature. So, the correct response would be to unask the question, since no answer can exist in the terms provided; categorical thinking is a delusion. Hakuin replaced the Mu kōan with: "Two hands clap and there is a sound. What is the sound of one hand?" When the practitioner makes the self-identity real, the two hands have become one; when the practitioner becomes the kōan, that is the sound of one hand. "At the bottom of great doubt lies great awakening. If you doubt fully, you will awaken fully," according to Hakuin, and he believed the kōan of his invention was more effective in generating taigi, remarking that "its superiority to the former methods is like the difference between cloud and mud." DuanesPoeTreehttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17053093400086634552noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3407624264627208128.post-32615903253836435112017-03-18T05:07:41.393-07:002017-03-18T05:07:41.393-07:00Buddhism was introduced to Japan via China. Chan, ...Buddhism was introduced to Japan via China. Chan, one of the schools of Mahayana Buddhism, originated during the Tang dynasty; it was derived from the Indian practice of dhyana ("meditation") but was strongly influenced by Taoism. It emphasizes rigorous self-control, meditation-practice, insight into Buddha-nature, the personal expression of this insight in daily life, especially for the benefit of others, and favors direct understanding through zazen (seated meditation) and interaction with an accomplished teacher rather than a scholarly knowledge of sutras and doctrine. The Japanese pronunciation of Chan was "Zen." Zen evolved into three enduring sects, including Rinzai-shu, which was the Japanese form of Línjì Zōng, founded by Linji Yixuan (known in Japan as Rinzai Gigen). Rinzai practice is regarded as severe, especially in contrast with the gentler, more popular, Sōtō sect. ("Rinzai Shōgun, Sōtō Domin" -- Rinzai for the Shōgun, Sōtō for the peasants). After the sect went through a moribund period of stagnation, it was revived by an 18th-century monk Ekaku Hakuin, who refocused it on its traditionally rigorous training methods integrating meditation and kōan practice. All contemporary Rinzai lineages stem from two disciples of Jitō Gasan, regarded as a dharma heir of Hakuin even though he did not belong to the close circle of his disciples and may not even have been one of his direct dharma heirs. DuanesPoeTreehttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17053093400086634552noreply@blogger.com